Etherpad - это настраиваемый онлайн-редактор с открытым исходным кодом, обеспечивающий совместное редактирование в режиме реального времени. В данной статье я хочу описать установку данного редактора на сервере CentOS7 с предустановленной Kloxo панелью.

Сам процесс установки

Первоначально в панели Kloxo необходимо создать клиента с доменом. Пусть это будет пользователь: black

Его домашний каталог: /home/black

Далее установка программного комплекса etherpad.

От суперпользователя

sudo curl -sL https://rpm.nodesource.com/setup_14.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo yum install -y nodejs
sudo node --version

От пользователя black в домашнем каталоге

git clone --branch master https://github.com/ether/etherpad-lite.git
cd etherpad-lite
src/bin/run.sh

остановить приложение

далее в папке /home/black/etherpad-lite

npm install socket.io-client

npm install ep_hash_auth ep_headings2 ep_markdown ep_comments_page ep_align ep_font_color ep_embedded_hyperlinks2 ep_font_size ep_table_of_contents ep_author_hover ep_set_title_on_pad ep_subscript_and_superscript ep_image_upload ep_code_formatting ep_clear_formatting ep_copy_paste_select_all ep_font_family ep_show_whitespace ep_mathjax ep_aa_file_menu_toolbar ep_special_characters ep_author_follow ep_adminpads2 ep_pad-lister ep_prompt_for_name ep_search  ep_authornames ep_print ep_tables4

npm install ep_password_change

убрать из файла etherpad-lite/node_modules/ep_password_change/package.json зависимость, заменить на

"dependencies": {},

из-за этой зависимости у меня не хотел работать плагин ep_auth_hash.

выйти в домашний каталог cd ~ и создать папку mkdir clone, перейти в новую созданную папку cd clone и выполнить команды:

git clone https://github.com/BayRepoOrg/ep_pad-lister.git
git clone https://github.com/BayRepoOrg/ep_password_change.git

далее скопировать файлы:

cp /home/black/clone/ep_pad-lister/index.js /home/black/etherpad-lite/node_modules/ep_pad-lister/index.js
cp /home/black/clone/ep_password_change/index.js /home/black/etherpad-lite/node_modules/ep_password_change/index.js

без этих двух правок etherpad зависал при старте.

и запустить программу:

src/bin/run.sh

теперь приложение должно успешно запуститься. Опять остановить его.

добавить файл настроек /home/black/etherpad-lite/settings.jsonс содержимым:

/*
 * This file must be valid JSON. But comments are allowed
 *
 * Please edit settings.json, not settings.json.template
 *
 * Please note that starting from Etherpad 1.6.0 you can store DB credentials in
 * a separate file (credentials.json).
 *
 *
 * ENVIRONMENT VARIABLE SUBSTITUTION
 * =================================
 *
 * All the configuration values can be read from environment variables using the
 * syntax "${ENV_VAR}" or "${ENV_VAR:default_value}".
 *
 * This is useful, for example, when running in a Docker container.
 *
 * EXAMPLE:
 *    "port":     "${PORT:9001}"
 *    "minify":   "${MINIFY}"
 *    "skinName": "${SKIN_NAME:colibris}"
 *
 * Would read the configuration values for those items from the environment
 * variables PORT, MINIFY and SKIN_NAME.
 *
 * If PORT and SKIN_NAME variables were not defined, the default values 9001 and
 * "colibris" would be used.
 * The configuration value "minify", on the other hand, does not have a
 * designated default value. Thus, if the environment variable MINIFY were
 * undefined, "minify" would be null.
 *
 * REMARKS:
 * 1) please note that variable substitution always needs to be quoted.
 *
 *    "port":     9001,            <-- Literal values. When not using
 *    "minify":   false                substitution, only strings must be
 *    "skinName": "colibris"           quoted. Booleans and numbers must not.
 *
 *    "port":     "${PORT:9001}"   <-- CORRECT: if you want to use a variable
 *    "minify":   "${MINIFY:true}"     substitution, put quotes around its name,
 *    "skinName": "${SKIN_NAME}"       even if the required value is a number or
 *                                     a boolean.
 *                                     Etherpad will take care of rewriting it
 *                                     to the proper type if necessary.
 *
 *    "port":     ${PORT:9001}     <-- ERROR: this is not valid json. Quotes
 *    "minify":   ${MINIFY}            around variable names are missing.
 *    "skinName": ${SKIN_NAME}
 *
 * 2) Beware of undefined variables and default values: nulls and empty strings
 *    are different!
 *
 *    This is particularly important for user's passwords (see the relevant
 *    section):
 *
 *    "password": "${PASSW}"  // if PASSW is not defined would result in password === null
 *    "password": "${PASSW:}" // if PASSW is not defined would result in password === ''
 *
 *    If you want to use an empty value (null) as default value for a variable,
 *    simply do not set it, without putting any colons: "${ABIWORD}".
 *
 * 3) if you want to use newlines in the default value of a string parameter,
 *    use "\n" as usual.
 *
 *    "defaultPadText" : "${DEFAULT_PAD_TEXT}Line 1\nLine 2"
 */
{
  /*
   * Name your instance!
   */
  "title": "Etherpad",

  /*
   * favicon default name
   * alternatively, set up a fully specified Url to your own favicon
   */
  "favicon": "favicon.ico",

  /*
   * Skin name.
   *
   * Its value has to be an existing directory under src/static/skins.
   * You can write your own, or use one of the included ones:
   *
   * - "no-skin":  an empty skin (default). This yields the unmodified,
   *               traditional Etherpad theme.
   * - "colibris": the new experimental skin (since Etherpad 1.8), candidate to
   *               become the default in Etherpad 2.0
   */
  "skinName": "colibris",

  /*
   * Skin Variants
   *
   * Use the UI skin variants builder at /p/test#skinvariantsbuilder
   *
   * For the colibris skin only, you can choose how to render the three main
   * containers:
   * - toolbar (top menu with icons)
   * - editor (containing the text of the pad)
   * - background (area outside of editor, mostly visible when using page style)
   *
   * For each of the 3 containers you can choose 4 color combinations:
   * super-light, light, dark, super-dark.
   *
   * For example, to make the toolbar dark, you will include "dark-toolbar" into
   * skinVariants.
   *
   * You can provide multiple skin variants separated by spaces. Default
   * skinVariant is "super-light-toolbar super-light-editor light-background".
   *
   * For the editor container, you can also make it full width by adding
   * "full-width-editor" variant (by default editor is rendered as a page, with
   * a max-width of 900px).
   */
  "skinVariants": "super-light-toolbar super-light-editor light-background",

  /*
   * IP and port which Etherpad should bind at.
   *
   * Binding to a Unix socket is also supported: just use an empty string for
   * the ip, and put the full path to the socket in the port parameter.
   *
   * EXAMPLE USING UNIX SOCKET:
   *    "ip": "",                             // <-- has to be an empty string
   *    "port" : "/somepath/etherpad.socket", // <-- path to a Unix socket
   */
  "ip": "127.0.0.1",
  "port": 9001,

  /*
   * Option to hide/show the settings.json in admin page.
   *
   * Default option is set to true
   */
  "showSettingsInAdminPage": true,

  /*
   * Node native SSL support
   *
   * This is disabled by default.
   * Make sure to have the minimum and correct file access permissions set so
   * that the Etherpad server can access them
   */

  /*
  "ssl" : {
            "key"  : "/path-to-your/epl-server.key",
            "cert" : "/path-to-your/epl-server.crt",
            "ca": ["/path-to-your/epl-intermediate-cert1.crt", "/path-to-your/epl-intermediate-cert2.crt"]
          },
  */

  /*
   * The type of the database.
   *
   * You can choose between many DB drivers, for example: dirty, postgres,
   * sqlite, mysql.
   *
   * You shouldn't use "dirty" for for anything else than testing or
   * development.
   *
   *
   * Database specific settings are dependent on dbType, and go in dbSettings.
   * Remember that since Etherpad 1.6.0 you can also store this information in
   * credentials.json.
   *
   * For a complete list of the supported drivers, please refer to:
   * https://www.npmjs.com/package/ueberdb2
   */

  "dbType": "dirty",
  "dbSettings": {
    "filename": "var/dirty.db"
  },

  /*
   * An Example of MySQL Configuration (commented out).
   *
   * See: https://github.com/ether/etherpad-lite/wiki/How-to-use-Etherpad-Lite-with-MySQL
   */

  /*
  "dbType" : "mysql",
  "dbSettings" : {
    "user":     "etherpaduser",
    "host":     "localhost",
    "port":     3306,
    "password": "PASSWORD",
    "database": "etherpad_lite_db",
    "charset":  "utf8mb4"
  },
  */

  /*
   * The default text of a pad
   */
  "defaultPadText" : "Welcome to Etherpad!\n\nThis pad text is synchronized as you type, so that everyone viewing this page sees the same text. This allows you to collaborate seamlessly on documents!\n\nGet involved with Etherpad at https:\/\/etherpad.org\n",

  /*
   * Default Pad behavior.
   *
   * Change them if you want to override.
   */
  "padOptions": {
    "noColors":         false,
    "showControls":     true,
    "showChat":         true,
    "showLineNumbers":  true,
    "useMonospaceFont": false,
    "userName":         false,
    "userColor":        false,
    "rtl":              false,
    "alwaysShowChat":   false,
    "chatAndUsers":     false,
    "lang":             "en-gb"
  },

  /*
   * Pad Shortcut Keys
   */
  "padShortcutEnabled" : {
    "altF9":     true, /* focus on the File Menu and/or editbar */
    "altC":      true, /* focus on the Chat window */
    "cmdShift2": true, /* shows a gritter popup showing a line author */
    "delete":    true,
    "return":    true,
    "esc":       true, /* in mozilla versions 14-19 avoid reconnecting pad */
    "cmdS":      true, /* save a revision */
    "tab":       true, /* indent */
    "cmdZ":      true, /* undo/redo */
    "cmdY":      true, /* redo */
    "cmdI":      true, /* italic */
    "cmdB":      true, /* bold */
    "cmdU":      true, /* underline */
    "cmd5":      true, /* strike through */
    "cmdShiftL": true, /* unordered list */
    "cmdShiftN": true, /* ordered list */
    "cmdShift1": true, /* ordered list */
    "cmdShiftC": true, /* clear authorship */
    "cmdH":      true, /* backspace */
    "ctrlHome":  true, /* scroll to top of pad */
    "pageUp":    true,
    "pageDown":  true
  },

  /*
   * Should we suppress errors from being visible in the default Pad Text?
   */
  "suppressErrorsInPadText": false,

  /*
   * If this option is enabled, a user must have a session to access pads.
   * This effectively allows only group pads to be accessed.
   */
  "requireSession": false,

  /*
   * Users may edit pads but not create new ones.
   *
   * Pad creation is only via the API.
   * This applies both to group pads and regular pads.
   */
  "editOnly": false,

  /*
   * If true, all css & js will be minified before sending to the client.
   *
   * This will improve the loading performance massively, but makes it difficult
   * to debug the javascript/css
   */
  "minify": true,

  /*
   * How long may clients use served javascript code (in seconds)?
   *
   * Not setting this may cause problems during deployment.
   * Set to 0 to disable caching.
   */
  "maxAge": 21600, // 60 * 60 * 6 = 6 hours

  /*
   * Absolute path to the Abiword executable.
   *
   * Abiword is needed to get advanced import/export features of pads. Setting
   * it to null disables Abiword and will only allow plain text and HTML
   * import/exports.
   */
  "abiword": null,

  /*
   * This is the absolute path to the soffice executable.
   *
   * LibreOffice can be used in lieu of Abiword to export pads.
   * Setting it to null disables LibreOffice exporting.
   */
  "soffice": null,

  /*
   * Path to the Tidy executable.
   *
   * Tidy is used to improve the quality of exported pads.
   * Setting it to null disables Tidy.
   */
  "tidyHtml": null,

  /*
   * Allow import of file types other than the supported ones:
   * txt, doc, docx, rtf, odt, html & htm
   */
  "allowUnknownFileEnds": true,

  /*
   * This setting is used if you require authentication of all users.
   *
   * Note: "/admin" always requires authentication.
   */
  "requireAuthentication": true,

  /*
   * Require authorization by a module, or a user with is_admin set, see below.
   */
  "requireAuthorization": true,

  /*
   * When you use NGINX or another proxy/load-balancer set this to true.
   *
   * This is especially necessary when the reverse proxy performs SSL
   * termination, otherwise the cookies will not have the "secure" flag.
   *
   * The other effect will be that the logs will contain the real client's IP,
   * instead of the reverse proxy's IP.
   */
  "trustProxy": false,

  /*
   * Settings controlling the session cookie issued by Etherpad.
   */
  "cookie": {
    /*
     * Value of the SameSite cookie property. "Lax" is recommended unless
     * Etherpad will be embedded in an iframe from another site, in which case
     * this must be set to "None". Note: "None" will not work (the browser will
     * not send the cookie to Etherpad) unless https is used to access Etherpad
     * (either directly or via a reverse proxy with "trustProxy" set to true).
     *
     * "Strict" is not recommended because it has few security benefits but
     * significant usability drawbacks vs. "Lax". See
     * https://stackoverflow.com/q/41841880 for discussion.
     */
    "sameSite": "Lax"
  },

  /*
   * Privacy: disable IP logging
   */
  "disableIPlogging": false,

  /*
   * Time (in seconds) to automatically reconnect pad when a "Force reconnect"
   * message is shown to user.
   *
   * Set to 0 to disable automatic reconnection.
   */
  "automaticReconnectionTimeout": 0,

  /*
   * By default, when caret is moved out of viewport, it scrolls the minimum
   * height needed to make this line visible.
   */
  "scrollWhenFocusLineIsOutOfViewport": {

    /*
     * Percentage of viewport height to be additionally scrolled.
     *
     * E.g.: use "percentage.editionAboveViewport": 0.5, to place caret line in
     *       the middle of viewport, when user edits a line above of the
     *       viewport
     *
     * Set to 0 to disable extra scrolling
     */
    "percentage": {
      "editionAboveViewport": 0,
      "editionBelowViewport": 0
    },

    /*
     * Time (in milliseconds) used to animate the scroll transition.
     * Set to 0 to disable animation
     */
    "duration": 0,

    /*
     * Flag to control if it should scroll when user places the caret in the
     * last line of the viewport
     */
    "scrollWhenCaretIsInTheLastLineOfViewport": false,

    /*
     * Percentage of viewport height to be additionally scrolled when user
     * presses arrow up in the line of the top of the viewport.
     *
     * Set to 0 to let the scroll to be handled as default by Etherpad
     */
    "percentageToScrollWhenUserPressesArrowUp": 0
  },

  /*
   * User accounts. These accounts are used by:
   *   - default HTTP basic authentication if no plugin handles authentication
   *   - some but not all authentication plugins
   *   - some but not all authorization plugins
   *
   * User properties:
   *   - password: The user's password. Some authentication plugins will ignore
   *     this.
   *   - is_admin: true gives access to /admin. Defaults to false. If you do not
   *     uncomment this, /admin will not be available!
   *   - readOnly: If true, this user will not be able to create new pads or
   *     modify existing pads. Defaults to false.
   *   - canCreate: If this is true and readOnly is false, this user can create
   *     new pads. Defaults to true.
   *
   * Authentication and authorization plugins may define additional properties.
   *
   * WARNING: passwords should not be stored in plaintext in this file.
   *          If you want to mitigate this, please install ep_hash_auth and
   *          follow the section "secure your installation" in README.md
   */

  "users": {
    "admin": {
      // 1) "password" can be replaced with "hash" if you install ep_hash_auth
      // 2) please note that if password is null, the user will not be created
      "password": "S56$d367_qwe57f",
      "is_admin": true
    }
  },

  /*
   * Restrict socket.io transport methods
   */
  "socketTransportProtocols" : ["xhr-polling", "jsonp-polling", "htmlfile"],

  "socketIo": {
    /*
     * Maximum permitted client message size (in bytes). All messages from
     * clients that are larger than this will be rejected. Large values make it
     * possible to paste large amounts of text, and plugins may require a larger
     * value to work properly, but increasing the value increases susceptibility
     * to denial of service attacks (malicious clients can exhaust memory).
     */
    "maxHttpBufferSize": 10000
  },

  /*
   * Allow Load Testing tools to hit the Etherpad Instance.
   *
   * WARNING: this will disable security on the instance.
   */
  "loadTest": false,

  /*
   * Disable indentation on new line when previous line ends with some special
   * chars (':', '[', '(', '{')
   */

  /*
  "indentationOnNewLine": false,
  */

  /*
   * From Etherpad 1.8.3 onwards, import and export of pads is always rate
   * limited.
   *
   * The default is to allow at most 10 requests per IP in a 90 seconds window.
   * After that the import/export request is rejected.
   *
   * See https://github.com/nfriedly/express-rate-limit for more options
   */
  "importExportRateLimiting": {
    // duration of the rate limit window (milliseconds)
    "windowMs": 90000,

    // maximum number of requests per IP to allow during the rate limit window
    "max": 10
  },

  /*
   * From Etherpad 1.8.3 onwards, the maximum allowed size for a single imported
   * file is always bounded.
   *
   * File size is specified in bytes. Default is 50 MB.
   */
  "importMaxFileSize": 52428800, // 50 * 1024 * 1024

  /*
   * From Etherpad 1.8.5 onwards, when Etherpad is in production mode commits from individual users are rate limited
   *
   * The default is to allow at most 10 changes per IP in a 1 second window.
   * After that the change is rejected.
   *
   * See https://github.com/animir/node-rate-limiter-flexible/wiki/Overall-example#websocket-single-connection-prevent-flooding for more options
   */
  "commitRateLimiting": {
    // duration of the rate limit window (seconds)
    "duration": 1,

    // maximum number of changes per IP to allow during the rate limit window
    "points": 10
  },

  /*
   * Toolbar buttons configuration.
   *
   * Uncomment to customize.
   */

  "toolbar": {
    "left": [
      ["bold", "italic", "underline", "strikethrough", "codeFormatting"],
      ["orderedlist", "unorderedlist", "indent", "outdent"],
      ["undo", "redo"],
      ["clearauthorship"]
    ],
    "right": [
      ["importexport", "timeslider", "savedrevision"],
      ["settings", "embed"],
      ["showusers"]
    ],
    "timeslider": [
      ["timeslider_export", "timeslider_returnToPad"]
    ]
  },

  /*
   * Expose Etherpad version in the web interface and in the Server http header.
   *
   * Do not enable on production machines.
   */
  "exposeVersion": false,

  /*
   * The log level we are using.
   *
   * Valid values: DEBUG, INFO, WARN, ERROR
   */
  "loglevel": "INFO",

  /*
   * Logging configuration. See log4js documentation for further information:
   * https://github.com/nomiddlename/log4js-node
   *
   * You can add as many appenders as you want here.
   */
  "logconfig" :
    { "appenders": [
        { "type": "console"
        //, "category": "access"// only logs pad access
        }

      , { "type": "file"
      , "filename": "/home/black/etherpad-light/logs/error.log"
      , "maxLogSize": 1024
      , "backups": 3 // how many log files there're gonna be at max
      //, "category": "test" // only log a specific category
        }

      /*
      , { "type": "logLevelFilter"
        , "level": "warn" // filters out all log messages that have a lower level than "error"
        , "appender":
          {  Use whatever appender you want here  }
        }
      */

      /*
      , { "type": "logLevelFilter"
        , "level": "error" // filters out all log messages that have a lower level than "error"
        , "appender":
          { "type": "smtp"
          , "subject": "An error occurred in your EPL instance!"
          , "recipients": "bar@blurdybloop.com, baz@blurdybloop.com"
          , "sendInterval": 300 // 60 * 5 = 5 minutes -- will buffer log messages; set to 0 to send a mail for every message
          , "transport": "SMTP", "SMTP": { // see https://github.com/andris9/Nodemailer#possible-transport-methods
              "host": "smtp.example.com", "port": 465,
              "secureConnection": true,
              "auth": {
                  "user": "foo@example.com",
                  "pass": "bar_foo"
              }
            }
          }
        }
      */

      ]
    }, // logconfig

  /* Override any strings found in locale directories */
  "customLocaleStrings": {},

  /* Disable Admin UI tests */
  "enableAdminUITests": false,
  "ep_hash_auth": {
    "hash_typ": "sha512",
    "hash_dig": "hex",
    "hash_dir": "/home/black/users",
    "hash_ext": "/.hash",
    "hash_adm": false,
    "displayname_ext": "/.displayname"
  },
}

и создать каталог mkdir -p /home/black/etherpad-light/logs/ и mkdir -p /home/black/users

От root

cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
touch codepad.service

добавить в файл codepad.service следующий код:

[Unit]
Description=Run Etherpad-lite, the collaborative editor.
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=black
Group=black
WorkingDirectory=/home/black/etherpad-lite
Environment=NODE_ENV=production
#ExecStart=/home/black/etherpad-lite/src/bin/run.sh 2>&1 < /dev/null &
ExecStart=/usr/bin/node --experimental-worker /home/black/etherpad-lite/src/node/server.js
#Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

и выполнить команды:

systemctl enable codepad
systemctl start codepad

Теперь настройка Kloxo

Добавить в файл /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-base.conf в конец строки:

LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_wstunnel_module modules/mod_proxy_wstunnel.so

пусть интересуемый домен будет test.test.tst, тогда создать файл /opt/configs/apache/conf/customs/test.test.tst.conf

с содержимым:

<IfVersion < 2.4>
        Define port ${global::port}
        Define portssl ${global::portssl}
        Define ip ${global::ip}
</IfVersion>

<IfVersion >= 2.4>
        Include "/opt/configs/apache/conf/globals/portnip.conf"
</IfVersion>

<VirtualHost ${ip}:${port} >

        LimitInternalRecursion 256

        SetEnvIf X-Forwarded-Proto https HTTPS=1

        ServerAdmin webmaster@test.test.tst

        ServerName test.test.tst

        ServerAlias www.test.test.tst

        Include "/opt/configs/apache/conf/globals/acme-challenge.conf"

        DocumentRoot "/home/black/test.test.tst"

       CustomLog "/home/httpd/test.test.tst/stats/test.test.tst-custom_log" combined
       ErrorLog "/home/httpd/test.test.tst/stats/test.test.tst-error_log"

    ProxyVia On
    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPreserveHost on

    <Location />
        ProxyPass http://127.0.0.1:9001/ retry=0 timeout=30
        ProxyPassReverse http://127.0.0.1:9001/
    </Location>
    <Location /.well-known>
        ProxyPass !
    </Location>

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost ${ip}:${portssl} >

        LimitInternalRecursion 256

        SetEnvIf X-Forwarded-Proto https HTTPS=1

        ServerAdmin webmaster@test.test.tst

        ServerName test.test.tst

        ServerAlias www.test.test.tst

        Include "/opt/configs/apache/conf/globals/acme-challenge.conf"

        <IfModule mod_ssl.c>
                Include "/opt/configs/apache/conf/globals/ssl_base.conf"

                SSLCertificateFile /home/kloxo/ssl/test.test.tst.pem
                SSLCertificateKeyFile /home/kloxo/ssl/test.test.tst.key
                SSLCACertificatefile /home/kloxo/ssl/test.test.tst.ca

                <IfModule mod_headers.c>
                        Header always set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=2592000; preload"
                </IfModule>
        </IfModule>

        DocumentRoot "/home/black/test.test.tst"

        CustomLog "/home/httpd/test.test.tst/stats/test.test.tst-custom_log" combined
        ErrorLog "/home/httpd/test.test.tst/stats/test.test.tst-error_log"

    ProxyVia On
    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPreserveHost on

    <Location />
        ProxyPass http://127.0.0.1:9001/ retry=0 timeout=30
        ProxyPassReverse http://127.0.0.1:9001/
    </Location>
    <Location /.well-known>
        ProxyPass !
    </Location>

</VirtualHost>

если не планируется использование htttps, то секцию <VirtualHost ${ip}:${portssl} > можно выбросить.

Посмотреть файл /etc/httpd/conf.d/~lxcenter.conf, если там нет строки IncludeOptional /opt/configs/apache/conf/customs/*.conf то добавить ее в конце файла.

далее от root:

sh /script/fixweb
sh /script/restart-web

Как добавить нового пользователя в etherpad-lite

от пользователя black

cd /home/black/users
mkdir [user_name]
cd [user_name]
echo -n "[password]" | sha512sum | cut -d' ' -f1 | tr -d '\n' > .hash
echo -n "[needed_name] > ..displayname

Пример, добавляем пользователя blink с паролем test и именем Bob

cd /home/black/users
mkdir blink
cd blink
echo -n "test" | sha512sum | cut -d' ' -f1 | tr -d '\n' > .hash
echo -n "Bob > ..displayname

Видео-демонстрация